OMENWAVE modelled vulnerability-chaining pathways

CVE-2021-41379

Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

5.5
CVSS Medium
19.5%
EPSS p97
YES
In CISA KEV
YES
Ransomware-linked

Data as of 2 Nov 2026 · NVD, CISA KEV, EPSS

Why chaining, at machine speed

Defenders still triage vulnerabilities one CVE at a time, while increasingly automated attackers combine them at machine speed. Omenwave models the plausible pathways by which this CVE could be chained with others — surfacing them for research and awareness, with evidence for each step.

Modelled capability profile
Kill-chain stage
PRIV_ESC
Requires
USER access, LOCAL vector
Grants
PRIV access
Capabilities
denial of serviceprivilege gain
Model confidence
high · CVSS 3.1
Top plausible next hops
CVE-2018-4878PRIV_ESC → EXECUTIONhigh plausibility · KEV

The source lands the attacker on the host (code execution or an established foothold), which satisfies the destination's requirement for local access.

A use-after-free vulnerability was discovered in Adobe Flash Player before 28.0.0.161. This vulnerability occurs due to a dangling pointer in the Pri…

CVE-2018-15982PRIV_ESC → EXECUTIONhigh plausibility · KEV

The source lands the attacker on the host (code execution or an established foothold), which satisfies the destination's requirement for local access.

Flash Player versions 31.0.0.153 and earlier, and 31.0.0.108 and earlier have a use after free vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to a…

CVE-2017-8759PRIV_ESC → EXECUTIONhigh plausibility · KEV

The source lands the attacker on the host (code execution or an established foothold), which satisfies the destination's requirement for local access.

Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0, 3.5, 3.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.6, 4.6.1, 4.6.2 and 4.7 allow an attacker to execute code remotely via a malicious document or app…

CVE-2022-26923PRIV_ESC → EXECUTIONhigh plausibility · KEV

The access level the source grants already meets or exceeds the access level the destination requires — the position carries over.

Active Directory Domain Services Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

CVE-2025-33073PRIV_ESC → EXECUTIONhigh plausibility · KEV

The access level the source grants already meets or exceeds the access level the destination requires — the position carries over.

Improper access control in Windows SMB allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

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Modelled plausible chaining potential derived from public CVE metadata (CVSS, CWE, CPE). Not a confirmed real-world exploit chain and contains no exploitation detail. For research and awareness only.

Methodology · Interactive explorer · JSON: /cve/CVE-2021-41379